|
The Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) (Chinese: 中央网信办), also known as the Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cyberspace Administration of China launches official website )〕 is the central Internet censorship, oversight, and control agency for the People's Republic of China. The CAC was founded in 2014, and is headed by Lu Wei, who was promoted from his previous position as Minister of State Internet Information Office.〔https://www.netmundial.org/lu-wei〕 The CAC answers to the Central Leading Group for Internet Security and Informatization (中央网络安全和信息化领导小组), which is headed by Communist Party Geneal Secretary Xi Jinping. == Policies == The CAC is involved in the formulation and implementation of policy on issues related to usernames on the Chinese Internet, the appropriateness of remarks made online, virtual private networks, the content of Internet portals, and much more. The CAC was behind a warning given to the major web service Sina Weibo, which was threatened with closure unless it "improved censorship." The CAC said that Sina had failed to properly police the comments made by users on the Internet. The CAC includes the following departments: an Internet Security Emergency Command Center, an Agency Service Center, and an Illegal and Unhealthy Information Reporting Center. According to a draft Cyber Security Law, made public on July 6, 2015, the CAC works with other Chinese regulators to formulate a catalog of "key network equipment" and "specialized network security products" for certification. The CAC is also involved in reviewing the procurement of network products or services for national security considerations. Data stored outside of China by Chinese companies is also required to undergo CAC approval. According to Xinhua, the official state newsagency, the CAC was responsible for issuing a "voluntary pledge" that was intended to be adhered to by the major Internet portals in China about the comments that would or would not be allowed to be made on their website. Among the categories of comments that were banned, included were those that "harmed national security," "harmed the nation's honor or interest," "damaged the nation's religious policies," "spread rumors, disturbed public order," and "intentionally using character combinations to avoid censorship." The CAC was also responsible for chasing down Internet users and web sites that published "rumors" following an explosion in the port city of Tianjin. Such rumors included claims that blasts killed 1,000 people, or that there was looting, or leadership ructions as a result of the blast. The efforts of the CAC have been linked with a broader push by the administration of President Xi Jinping, characterized by Xiao Qiang, head of China Digital Times, as a "ferocious assault on civil society." This has included forced confessions of television journalists, military parades, harsh media censorship and more. The CAC also maintains some censorship functions, including issuing directives to media companies in China. After a campaign to arrest almost 200 lawyers and activists in China, the CAC published a directive saying that "All websites must, without exception, use as the standard official and authoritative media reports with regards to the detention of trouble-making lawyers by the relevant departments."〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cyberspace Administration of China」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|